Wiki source code of Cladogram

Last modified by 14zunde on 2024/02/13 07:40
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1 [ˈklædəʊɡr(% class="phonetics" style="color: black;" %)æ(%%)m, also ˈkleɪd-]
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3 From κλάδος ‘branch’(cf. [[cladistics>>doc:stemmatology.Cladistics.WebHome]]) and a contracted form of //dendrogram// ('tree-graph') or //diagram,// in both cases ultimately from γράμμα 'anything written'.
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5 In [[cladistics>>doc:stemmatology.Cladistics.WebHome]], according to Kitching et al. (1998), a cladogram is "a branching diagram specifying hierarchical relationships among taxa based upon homologies (synapomorphies). A cladogram includes no connotation of ancestry and has no implied time axis" (Kitching et al. 1998, 202). A [[phylogenetic tree>>doc:stemmatology.Phylogenetic tree.WebHome]], on the other hand, is "an hypothesis of genealogical relationships among a group of taxa with specific connotations of ancestry and an implied time axis" (Kitching et al. 1998, 213). For an older definition cf. [[phylogram>>doc:stemmatology.Phylogram.WebHome]].
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7 ==== Illustration ====
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9 (((
10 [[image:attach:Cladogram.jpg]]
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14 Fig.1. A tree of kind of mosquitoes derived from cladograms. "Tree derived from the single most parsimonious cladogram in Reinert, Harbach & Kitching 2009" (from Wilkerson et al. 2015).
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17 **References**
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19 – Cameron, H. Don. 1987. “The upside-down cladogram. Problems in manuscript affiliation.” In //Biological Metaphor and Cladistic Classification//.// An Interdisciplinary Perspective//, edited by Henry M. Hoenigswald and Linda F. Wiener, 227-242//.// Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
20 – Kitching, Ian J., Peter L. Forey, Christopher J. Humphries, and David M. Williams. 1998. //Cladistics: The Theory and Practice of Parsimony Analysis.// 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
21 – Reinert John F., Ralph E. Harbach, and Ian J. Kitching, 2009. "Phylogeny and classification of tribe Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae). //Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society// 157: 700–794. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00570.x.
22 – Wilkerson, Richard C., Yvonne-Marie Linton, Dina M. Fonseca, Ted R. Schultz, Dana C. Price, and Daniel A. Strickman. 2015. "Making Mosquito Taxonomy Useful: A Stable Classification of Tribe Aedini that Balances Utility with Current Knowledge of Evolutionary Relationships." //PLOS ONE//. (% class="file_doi" %)10.1371/journal.pone.0133602.g002(%%) (accessed 31.10.2015).
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24 **In other languages**
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26 DE: Kladogramm
27 FR: cladogramme
28 IT: cladogramma
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31 [[CM>>doc:stemmatology.Parvum lexicon stemmatologicum.Contributors.WebHome]], [[MH>>doc:stemmatology.Parvum lexicon stemmatologicum.Contributors.WebHome]]