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Instruments

Last modified by Tommy Chan on 2026/11/09 10:52

This page lists the permanent instruments at SMEAR III. In general, the University of Helsinki (UHEL) operates the aerosol particle, trace gas, meteorology and flux instruments. The Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) operates the black carbon, aerosol scattering, particle mass and volatile organic compound instruments. For an overview of the measurement points, see the Site Description.

MeasurementInstrument (Model/Make)OperatorContact PersonLocationMeasurement periodNotes
Aerosols (number and size)      
Particle number size distribution (8–820 nm)DMPS007, UHELUHELPasi AaltoStation container  
Particle number size distribution (2–30 nm)UFSMPS001, UHELUHELPasi AaltoStation container  
Particle number size distribution (1–12 nm)PSM A12 nCNC, Envea (formerly Airmodus)UHELTommy ChanStation container  
Total particle number concentrationCPC 3750, TSIUHELPasi AaltoStation container11.2005– 
Total ultra-fine particle number concentrationCPC 3756, TSIUHELPasi AaltoStation container04.2019– 
Air ion and particle size distribution (2–40 nm)NAIS 5-34, AirelUHELTommy ChanStation container  
       
Aerosols (optical properties and mass)      
Black carbonAE33 Aethalometer, Magee ScientificFMIHilkka TimonenStation container  
Black carbon, absorptionMAAP 5012, Thermo Fisher Sci.FMIHilkka TimonenStation container04.2015– 
Aerosol scatteringAurora 3000 Nephelometer, ACOEMFMIHilkka TimonenStation container01.2018– 
Particle mass (PM10, PM2.5)TEOM 1405, Thermo Fisher Sci.FMIHilkka TimonenStation container01.2018– 
       
Trace gases      
NO, NOx42S, Thermo Fisher Sci.UHELPetri KeronenStation container11.2005–8.2009 
 200AU, Teledyne API   8.2009–5.2017 
 APNA360, Horiba   7.2017–1.2020 
 T200U, Teledyne API   1.2020– 
O₃49, Thermo Fisher Sci.UHELPetri KeronenStation container11.2005–12.2009 
 400, Teledyne API   12.2009–11.2013 
 400E, Teledyne API   11.2013–7.2019 
 49C, Thermo Fisher Sci.   7.2019– 
SO₂43BS, Thermo Fisher Sci.UHELPetri KeronenStation container11.2005–3.2006 
 APSA360, HoribaFMI  9.2006–5.2008 
 43CTL, Thermo Fischer Sci.FMI  5.2008–9.2008 
 43i-TLE, Thermo Fisher Sci.FMI  9.2008– 
COAPMA 360, HoribaUHELPetri KeronenStation container11.2005–2.2006 
 APMA 370, HoribaFMI  12.2006– 
VOCsGas chromatographFMIArnaud PraplanSupersite container2024–Originally measured in Station container and relocated to Supersite in 04.2026
       
Fluxes (eddy covariance)      
CO₂ and H₂OLI‑7200, LI‑CORUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m10.2013– 
Total particle number and particle flux1720 MCPC, BrechtelUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m10.2021–Installed new "eddyCPC" box on 11.2024
3D wind, momentum and sensible heat fluxesuSonic-3 anemometer, METEKUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m  
       
Meteorology and radiation      
PressurePTB110, VaisalaUHELTommy ChanStation container  
Temperature profilePt100, PentronicUHELTommy ChanMast, 4, 8, 16, 32 m

05.2005– (4 m)

10.2005– (8, 16, 32 m)

 
Short-wave and long-wave radiationCNR4 net radiometer, Kipp & ZonenUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m  
Temperature and relative humidityHMP155, VaisalaUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m10.2024– 
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)LI-190R, LI-CORUHELTommy ChanMast, 32 m  
Present weatherPWD22, VaisalaUHELTommy ChanPhysicum roof02.2004– 
VisibilityFS11, VaisalaUHELTommy ChanPhysicum roof09.2014– 
PrecipitationPluvio² rain gauge, OttUHELTommy ChanPhysicum roof10.2001– 

Retired Instruments

MeasurementInstrument (Model/Make)OperatorContact PersonLocationMeasurement periodNotes
Short-wave and long-wave radiationNR01, HuksefluxUHEL Mast, 32 m06.2005–08.2025 
Temperature, dew point, humidityHMP243, VaisalaUHEL Physicum roof10.2001–08.2025 
PressureDPA502, VaisalaUHEL Physicum roof10.2001–08.2025 
Wind speedWAA141, VaisalaUHEL Physicum roof10.2001–08.2025 
Total particle number and particle fluxCPC 3750, TSIUHEL Mast, 32 m06.2007–10.2021